- Telomerase activity and Expression of MIB-1, Fas and Fas Ligand in Placentas from Women with and without Intrauterine Growth Retardation.
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Yi Kyeong Chun, Sung Ran Hong, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(1):34-40.
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- BACKGROUND
The placenta from a pregnancy that is complicated by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) tends to be smaller than that from a normal pregnancy. To investigate this difference, we analyzed the telomerase activity, the proliferative activity and the mRNA levels of apoptosis mediators in placentas.
METHODS
In 20 placentas from normal third-trimester pregnancies and 22 placentas form pregnancies that were complicated by IUGR, the telomerase activity was detected by a telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. The proliferative activity was assessed by immunohistochemical staining using the MIB-1 monoclonal antibody. The expression of the apoptosis mediator was evaluated by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions for fas and fas ligand.
RESULTS
Telomerase activity was detected in 2 (10%) of 20 normal placentas, whereas it was not observed in all tested 13 placentas that were associated with IUGR. The proliferative activity was significantly low in the placentas that were associated with IUGR (7.44+/-2.96%), compared with the normal placentas (11.0+/-3.48%, p=0.002).
There was no statistically significant difference in the mRNA levels of fas or fas ligand between two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Low telomerase and proliferative activities in the placenta may play a role in the pathogenesis of IUGR.
- Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of the Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor of the Pancreas: A Case Report.
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In Gu Do, Jae Hoon Park, Youn Wha Kim, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang, Sung Wha Hong, Yong Koo Park
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Korean J Cytopathol. 2003;14(2):91-95.
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- Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor of the pancreas is characterized by intraductal papillary proliferation of mucin-producing epithelial cells with or without excessive mucin secretion. According to the degree of epithelial dysplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous tumor is classified into adenoma, borderline tumor, and carcinoma. We recently experienced a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of the intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma in a 69-year-old male. The fine needle aspiration cytology yielded flat sheets of columnar, mucin containing epithelial cells in the background of dense mucin containing degenerated cellular material and histiocytes.
- Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis and Micronodular Pneumocyte Hyperplasia associated with Tuberous Sclerosis: A Case Report.
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Gou Young Kim, Juhie Lee, Yong Koo Park, Youn Wha Kim, Jae Hoon Park, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 2002;36(1):51-54.
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- Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is characterized by a hamartomatous proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the lung, mediastium, and abdomen. In the lung, an abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle is seen along the airways, blood vessels, and lymphatics, resulting in honeycombing of the lung. It occurs in 0.1-1% of tuberous sclerosis (TSC) patients. Micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia (MNPH) is a rare but distinctive pulmonary manifestation of TSC, and appears to be a hamartomatous proliferation of the type II pneumocytes. We report a case of pulmonary LAM and MNPH associated with TSC and bilateral renal angiomyolipoma in a 26-year-old woman. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells of LAM were positive for HMB-45, but the type II pneumocytes of MNPH were negative.
- Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Mesentery: A case report.
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Sung Jig Lim, Gou Young Kim, Jae Hoon Park, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(9):729-732.
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- Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor or inflammatory pseudotumor is characterized by spindle cell proliferation with inflammatory cell infiltration, predominantly plasma cells and lymphocytes. We have experienced a case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the mesentery in a 57-year-old male patient with intermittent abdominal pain. On computer tomography, a well demarcated mass was seen in the mesenteric side of the ascending colon. Right hemicolectomy was performed under the impression of the metastatic tumor of lymph nodes. Grossly, a rather well-circumscribed gray white mass was noted in the mesentery of the ascending colon.
Microscopically, the lesion consisted of plump spindle cells and accompanying inflammatory cellular infiltrates. The spindle cells were positive for vimentin.
- Usefulness of E-Cadherin Expression in Malignant Effusion .
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Sung Jig Lim, Gou Young Kim, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Juhie Lee, Moon Ho Yang, Nam Hee Won
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1999;10(2):121-126.
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- The usefulness of E-cadherin immunostaining as a marker of malignancy in the body fluids was investigated in the present study.
Thirty-three histologically proven cases of cell blocks from the pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial fluids were studied by immunocytochemistry for E-cadherin antibody using LSAB method. These cases were cytologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma (25 cases) and atypical cells (8 cases). Tumor cells showed strong positive membranous staining for E-cadherin antibody in 21 out of 25 cases (84%) of adenocarcinoma.
E-cadherin staining was not found in 6 of 8 cases of suspicious maligancy. The sensitivity and specificity were 84% and 75%, respectively. Reactive mesothelial cells and inflammatory cells scattered were all negative. In conclusion, E-cadherin is an useful adjunctive marker to distinguish reactive mesothelial cells from the carcinoma cells in the body fluids.
- A Sialoblastoma Associated with a Hepatoblastoma: An autopsy case report.
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Sun Lee, Youn Wha Kim, Jae Hoon Park, Yong Koo Park, Ju hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(11):1222-1226.
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- Sialoblastoma is defined as a rare, congenital or perinatal, aggressive and potentially low-grade malignant, basaloid gland neoplasm that occurs in the major salivary glands. We report a case of a congenital sialoblastoma in the left parotid gland, associated with a hepatoblastoma in a female infant. At birth, a huge mass in the left neck and hepatomegaly were noted. Grossly, the neck mass was well-circumscribed, lobulated and gray tan. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of basaloid aggregates of primitive uniform cells with focal ductal differentiation. The liver showed a well-circumscribed gray tan tumor with extensive hemorrhage and cystic change. Microscopically, the liver revealed characteristic findings of hepatoblastoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of coexistence of a congenital sialoblastoma and a hepatoblastoma, reported in the literature.
- Pleural Effusion Cytology of the Metastatic Sex Cord Tumor With Annular Tubules.
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Sun Lee, Ju Hie Lee, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Hak Soon Chang, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1997;8(2):190-193.
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- The sex cord tumor with annular tubules(SCTAT) is a rare ovarian neoplasm, which charateristically shows simple and complex annular tubules with central acidophilic hyaline bodies. This tumor has been considered as a tumor of low-grade malignancy with late recurrence. We presented a brief case report of metastatic SCTAT of ovary in pleural fluid from ovary with cytopathologic and clinical features.
The cytologic features of differential diagnosis are discussed.
- Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation: A report of five cases.
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Bohng Hee Kim, Yong Koo Park, Youn Wha Kim, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(8):733-738.
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- Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation was first described in 1983, when Nora and his collegues reported 35 examples of a proliferative lesion involving bones of the hands and the feet. In 1993, Meneses reported 65 cases of this condition. A fourth of all the reported cases involved the long bones. It is important to identify the clinical, roentgenographic, and histologic characteristic to seperate it from other entities because it is a benign lesion with atypical microscopic features with a tendency to recur.
Roentgenograms show a calcific mass attached to the underlying cortex having a broad base. Histologically, the lesion exhibites proliferative activity, irregular bony cartilaginous interfaces, and enlarged, bizarre, and binucleated chondrocytes. We reviewed the bone tumors, diagnosed in the KyungHee University Hospital, dated from 1984 to 1994. Five cases were revised to Nora's lesion, all of which were previously diagnosed as osteochondroma. The ages of the patients ranged from 12 to 57 years (median, 19 years), and all of them were males. Two cases involved the bones of hands and feet (metacarpal and talus), and 3 cases involved the long bones (humerus, fibula, and ulna). One lesion involving the humerus has a recurrence. No metastasis had been reported.
- Lymphadenopathy of Kimura's disease Associated with Nephrotic Syndrome: A case report.
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Bohong Hee Kim, Myung Suk Kang, Young Hee Maeng, Young Koo Park, Juhie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1995;29(1):113-115.
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- Kimura's disease is an important category of reactive lymphadenopathy especially among Asians. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology and is characterized by angiolymphoid proliferation and eosinophilia. The patient was a 17-year-old man with a 3-year-history of submandibular lymphadenopathy Who was referred to Kyung Hee University Hospital for evaluation of enlarging mass. He had a history of nephrotic syndrome for 7-8 years since 1984. Laboratory findings were not specific except for peripheral blood eosinophilia. The submandibular lymph node showed florid germinal enters, increased postcapillary venules in the paracortex, eosinophilic infiltration, and sclerosis. In this paper, a case of lymphadenopathy of Kimura's disease associated with nephrotic syndrome is reported.
- Cytopathology of Hurthle Cell Adenoma: A Cese Report by Fine Needle Aspiration.
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Bohng Hee Kim, Myoung Suk Kang, Jae Hoon Park, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Ku Park, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1995;6(2):193-198.
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- The increased use of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) has refocused on Hurthle cell lesions. The cytologic diagnosis of Hurthle cell tumor is a challenge due to the presence of Hurthle cells in non-neoplastic lesions and the inability to differentiate between benign and malignant Hurthle cell tumor. We report a case of Hurthle cell adenoma(HCA) in a 68-year old woman, with reivew of the cytopathologic findings. FNA revealed losely cohesive or sheets of sheets of large oval to polygonal Hurthle cells containing bundant granular cytoplasm. The histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of HCA with follicular growth pattern, Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm was packed with variable sized mitochondria.
- Cytologic Features of Papnicolaou Smears of Malignant Melanoma Arising in Vagina: A Cese Report.
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Myung Suk Kang, Bohng Hee Kim, Jae Hoon Park, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1995;6(2):209-214.
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- Primary malignant melanoma of vagina is a rare tumor which is easily misinterpretated in routine cytologic examination.
We lately experienced a case of primary malignant melanoma of the vagina with direct cervical extension diagnosed by Pap smear. The cervicovaginal smear showed variable sized clusters of epithelial cells or singly scattered abnormal epithelial cells. Most of the tumor cells had round hyperchromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli and brownish pigments in cytoplasm. The cytologic findings are compared with histologic features of resected specimen.
- CD30 (Ber H2) Distribution in Hodgkin's Disease and non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
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Bong Hee Kim, Young Hee Maeng, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1994;28(4):381-388.
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- Forty one cases of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were immunohisto-chemi-cally studied for the presence of CD30 antigen on the paraffin embedded formaldehyde fixed tissue by using Ber H2(CD30) monoclonal antibody (Dakopatts, diluted l : 20) and avidin biotin peroxidase complex technique seventy five %(6/8) of Hodgkin's lymphoma and 27% (9/33) of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were CD30 positive. Five of l7 diffuse large cell and immunoblastic lymphoma and one large cell anaplastic lymphoma showed large numbers of CD30 positive cells.
Occasional CD30 positive cells were found in one of 2 angiommunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T cell lymphoma, one of 4 small lymphocytic lymphoma and one unclassified lymphoma. Immunophenotypically l6% of B cell lymphoma and 42% of T cell lymphoma showed CD30 positivity. six cases of Hodgkin's disease except lymphocyte predominance showed positive tumor cells. Our results show that CD30 is more widespread in histologic subtypes of lymphomas and is not specific for the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease.
- Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Liver: A case report.
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Young Hee Maeng, Jae Hoon Park, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1994;28(1):90-92.
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- Inflammatory pseudotumor of the Aver is a rare benign lesion that usually has been discovered at laparotomy. This lesion is inflamrhatory and reactive, but the etiology remains unknown. In-flammatory pseudotumor of the liver is of the interest not only because of its rarity also because it needs to be clinically differentiated from hepatocellular carcinoma and other malignant tu-mors. In this report, we describe a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver with fever and weight loss in a 46-year-old male. Grossly, the lesion showed a rather well demarcated, gray white to pale yellowish nodular mass mesuring 7 x 5.5 x 5 cm in dimensions. M icroscqpically, the tumor was composed of diffuse infiltration of predominantly plasma cells, lymphocytes and histocytes associated with fibroblastic proliferation.
- Lipoleiomyoma of the Uterus: A case report.
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Myung Sook Kang, Young Hee Maeng, Jae Hoon Park, Yun Wha Kim, Ju Hee Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1993;27(5):535-537.
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- A rare case of uterine lipoleiomyoma is reported with presentation of computed tomography, histomorphologic and immunohistochemical findings. This tumor is predominantly lipomatous with an admixture of smooth muscle fiber and hyalinized fibrous tissue. Immunohistochemical study revealed a positive reaction of S-100 protein in fat cells and desmin in smooth muscle fibers. Its histogenesis also has been discussed.
- Two Cases of Black Adenoma of the Adrenal Cortex Associated with Cushing's Syndrome.
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So Yeon Yu, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1991;25(3):245-249.
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- Black adenoma is known to be a rare variant of adrenal cortical adenoma containing characteristic abundant lipofuscin pigments in the cytoplasm. Almost all of them are nonfunctioning and only occasionally they are associated with Cushing's syndrome or primary hyperaldosteronism. We present two cases of black cortical adenoma of the adrenal gland associated with Cushing's syndrome in a 24-year-old woman and a 64-year-old man. This report dealt with clinical and pathologic presentation including ultrastructural identification of lipofuscin pigment.
- Cystic Meningioma: A case report.
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Jae Hoon Park, So Yeon Yu, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1991;25(2):153-157.
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- Meningiomas are usually thought of as firm solid tumors and most standard references make no mention of cystic meningiomas. Although several cases of cystic meningioma have been reported in the literature and their neuroradiological features discussed, the rarity of this entity makes its preoperative diagnosis difficult. Recently, the authors encountered a case of cystic meningioma, which was thought as ependymal cyst or infarction, preoperatively.
In this report the authors discussed its clinical, neuroradiological and pathological characteristics with brief reviews of the literature.
- An Experimental Study of Vibrio vulnificus Infection in Mice.
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Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1991;25(2):123-146.
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- An experimental of Vibrio vulnificus infection has been performed with the intravenous, subcutaneous and oral inoculation of Vibrio vulnificus into ICR mice. The results are as follows: 1) The LD50 of the intravenous, subcutaneous and oral inoculation of Vibrio vulnificus were 1.6x10(7) cells/ml, 4.0x10(7) cells/ml, and 2.5x10(9) cells/ml, respectively. 2) In the experimental group without treatment with CC14, the survival rates for intravenous inoculation were 100% (1/2 LD50), 39.1% (LD50), and 8.3% (2 LD50). The survival rates for subcutaneous inoculation groups were 100% (1/2 LD50), 46.9% (LD50), and 18.8% (2 LD50). And the survival rates for oral inoculation groups were 100% (1/2 LD50), 53.1% (LD50), and 43.8% (2 LD50). 3) In those treated with CC14 0.05 ml, the survival rates for intravenous inoculation groups were 43.8% (1/2 LD50), 29.1% (LD50), 0% (2 LD50). The survival rates for subcutaneous inoculation groups were 59.4% (1/2 LD50), 40.6% (LD50), and 9.4% (2 LD50). The survival rates for oral inoculation groups were 68.8% (1/2 LD50), 46.9% (LD50), and 18.8% (2 LD50). In those treated with CC14 0.1 ml, the survival rates for intravenous inoculation groups were 25.0% (1/2 LD50), 10.4% (LD50), and 0% (2 LD50). The survival rates for subcutaneous inoculation groups were 43.8% (1/2 LD50), 21.9% (LD50), 0% (2 LD50). The survival rates for oral inoculation groups were 50.0% (1/2 LD50), 37.5% (LD50), and 0% (2 LD50). 4) Liver, lungs, meninges and brain, kidneys, heart, gastrointestinal tract and spleen showed septic inflammatory findings. Their degree of inflammation were different according to the severity of hepatic damage and the inoculum size.
- Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis: 3 cases report.
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Jae Hoon Park, Youn Wha Kim, Yong Koo Park, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1991;25(1):41-44.
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- Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a rare form of inflammatory disease of the gall bladder and was first described in 1970 by Christensen and Ishak as fibroxanthogranulomatous inflammation of the gall bladder.
Recently authors experienced three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, two of which were erroneously diagnosed as malignant tumor in preoperative clinical and radiological examinations. Grossly, the gallbladders were enlarged and the walls were thickened with yellowish granular necrotic areas ranging from a few millimeters to 1.0 cm in diameter. Microscopically, all of three cases showed diffuse infiltration of the foamy histiocytes containing bile pigments and mononuclear leukocytes associated with fibroblastic proliferation and foreign body reactions. The pathogenesis of the xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is uncertain, but opinion favours an inflammatory response to extravasated bile probably, from ruptured Rokitanky-Aschoff sinuses. Three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis with brief review of literature are presented.
- Sex Cord Tumor with Annular Tubules Metastasized to Mesentery.
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Yong Koo Park, Jae Hoon Park, Ju Hie Lee, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1990;24(1):65-69.
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- The sex cord tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT) is a distinctive ovarian neoplasm of which predominant component has intermediate morphologic features between the granulosa cell tumor and the Sertoli cell tumor; focal differentiation into either granulosa cell or Sertoli cell tumor may occur.
We presented a 24-year-old woman with SCTAT metastatic to the mesentery root. The origin of the primary was the left ovary, and the tumor was diagnosed nine years ago. This report dealt with clinical presentation and prognosis.
- Multicystic Renal Dysplasia associated with Ectopic Ureteral Orifice.
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Shin Mong Kang, Yong Koo Park, Ju Hie Lee, Soo Eung Chai, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1988;22(3):331-335.
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- A case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia was reported in view of rarity, and a review of literature 23-year-old female was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with a complaint of urinary incontinence. An excretory urogram revealed non-visualization of the right kidney. The right ureter had opening at the 2 cm above the vaginal introitus. The resected right kidney revelaed multilobulated outer surface with multiloculated cystic struture on cut surface. The associated anomaly was uterine didelphy. The condition was treated by nephroureterectomy.
- Ovarian Paragonimiasis: A case report.
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Shin Mong Kang, Yong Koo Park, Ju Hie Lee, Jung Eun Mok, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1988;22(3):336-339.
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- The authors report a case of ectopic paragonimiasis in a 33 year old Korean housewife who came to the hospital because of lower abdominal discomfortness and palpable mass.
Parasitic granulomas involved the ovary and posterior wall of the uterine body. This report deals with the rare occurrence of a parasitic infestation in the ovary.
- Pathologic Diagnoses Management System "Pathology Slide Bank" Using IBM-PC Microcomputer.
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Yong Koo Park, Moon Ho Yang, Won Tae Lee, Joo Young Park
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Korean J Pathol. 1988;22(3):285-288.
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- A simple and convenient management system in coding and storage of the pathologic diagnoses was developed by generating the dBASE III with IBM-PC microcomputer. The program named "Pathology Slide Bank" can store about 3,600 data according to the SNOP coding in a standard 51/4 inch floppy disk and retrieve the data within two minutes.
- Study for the Effects of the Polyvalent Pseudomonas Vaccine of the Experimental Pseudomonas sepsis.
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Sook Jo Hur, Moon Ho Yang
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Korean J Pathol. 1986;20(3):263-276.
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- Recently there is increasing tendency of the nosocomial infection, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important and common pathogens causing hospital opportunistic infections with rapid emergence of resistant strain especially in immunologically compromised patients.
An experimental study for the effects of polyvalent Pseudomonas vaccine was performed in an animal model of Pseudomonas sepsis on a survival rates and histopathological points of view-using ICR inbred mice. The vaccine was prepared with heat killed whole cells of the 10 representative serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were isolated from the Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University and Seoul National University, and they were devided into two polyvalent vaccine groups. The animal model of the Pseudomonas sepsis was deveoped by intravenous inoculation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (serotype F, inoculum size 100 microliter, 109 cells/ml), immediately after cutaneous burns. The results were as follows. 1) The survival rate of the immune mice was 100% and that of non-immune mice was 60%. 2) The histologic findings of lung of the non-immune mice were severe congestion (18/18 mice), hemorrhage (18/18 mice), emphysematous change (18/18 mice), thrombosis (9/18 mice), infarction (9/18 mice) and inflammation (6/18 mice) and those of the immune mice were only congestion (6/20 mice) and focal emphysematous change (2/20) from the 3 day experimental group. 3) The histologic findings of the liver in the non-immune mice were severe congestion, Kupffer cell mobilization, focal necrosis, & portal inflammation in most of them, and from 7 day experimental group there were noted infiltrations of lagre histiocytic cells in sinusoids, and those in the immune mice were only reactive change of varying degree. 4) The histologic findings of the spleen in the non-immune mice were severe reactive hyperplasia in all and ischemic necrosis in about half of them, and those in the immune mice were only reactive change. 5) The histologic findings of the heart in the non-immune mice were severe congestion and inflammation in most and in the immune mice were only occasional nonspecific congestion. 6) The histologic findings of the kidney in the non-immune mice were severe congestion in all, interstitial inflammation, acute tubular necrosis and cortical necrosis in about half of them, and those in the immune mice were only mild congestion. With the above results, we can suspect there is a significant protective effects of the polyvalent pseudomonas vaccine on the pseudomonas sepsis in ICR mice.
- A Histopathological Study of IgM Nephropathy.
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Youn Wha Kim, Moon Ho Yang, Myung Jae Kim, Byoung Soo Cho
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Korean J Pathol. 1986;20(2):165-177.
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- 461 cases of renal biopsy specimens were summerized correlated with their light microscopic and immunofluorescence findings, which obtained from Jan. 1981 to Jul. 1986 at Department of Pathology, Kyung Hee School of Medicine, The results were as follws: 1) The incidence of IgM nephropathy was about 5.8% of the primary glomerulopathy. 2) Sex distribution showed male preponderance with male: female ratio of 1.7:1. 3) Age distribution were 0-9 years 7.4%, 10-19 years 29.6%, 20-29 years 37.0%, 30-39 years 7.4%, 40-49 years 7.4% and 50-59 years 11.1%. 4) The clinical symptoms were gross hematuria 7.4%, microscopic hematuria 59.2%, proteinuria (nonnephrotic) 37.0%, nephrotic syndrome 55.5%, hypertension 7.8% and edema 59.2%. 5) 9 cases (33.3%) had past histories of upper respiratory infections. 6) The distributions of the light microscopic deagnosis were minimal histologic change 11 cases (40.7%), focal glomerulonephritis 7 cases (25.9%), measangial proliferative glomerulonephritis 5 cases (18.5%), focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis 1 case (3.7%) and poststreptococla glomerulonephritis 1 case (3.7%). 7) Immunofluorescence study showed significant diffuse mesangial granular deposits of IgM and C3 in all of the 27 cases. 8) It was demonstrated that in the patients with nephrotic syndrome, the prognosis for the patients with IgM deposition were less favorable than those without IgM deposition.
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